The Breeder’s Registry©Information contained in this report is taken from submitted observations from aquarist unless noted otherwise (see comments). Information may be reproduced providing the Breeder’s Registry is cited.

Breeder ID: TURCAS-082492-MYKKAT-001

Date received: 8/24/92

Identification: Turbo castenea (Gmelin, 1791)

Geographic origin: Caribbean

Taxonomy: (after I.C.Z.N.)

Kingdom Animalia

Phylum MolluscaSubphylum

Class Gastropoda subclass Prosobranchia

Order Archeogastropoda superfamily Trochacea

Family Turbinidae subfamily Turbininae

Genus Turbo (Linné, 1758)

Species castenea (Gmelin, 1791)

Description: 25 mm in length, turbinate. Color can be gray, orange or brown and commonly with white spots. Sculpture (raised/depressed markings on shell) is closely set, revolving cords with small knob-like protrusions. Aperture is rounded, and white or pearly. Operculum is calcareous. Callus on columella is heavy.

Duration (yr): 3.0

Size (mm): 16-25

Broodstock notes: hermaphroditic(?)

Physical differences: no visible difference

Adult diet: herbivores

Pre-spawning activity: Excessive movement. Seem to seek high points in tanks (tops of rocks, coral, surface interface of water/glass). Antennae “waves” while extended upon base of foot. Always occurs after after 25 – 33% water change. Spawnings cease in summer and “dead” of winter.

Time spawning began: PM Area spawning occurred: various locations

Frequency of spawning: weekly – monthly

Egg description: Sea-green eggs in loose mucus “veil”

Approximate quantity: unknown

Size: < pinhead

Egg changes / development: unknown

Incubation period: unknown

Time hatching occurred: unknown

Newly hatched appearance: 3 – 6 weeks after spawning appearance of young. Size ~ 2 – 3 mm when first observed and recognized.

Transfer / removal method: not indicated

Spawning tank size (liter):70

Sides of tank covered? Yes

Lighting & photoperiod: 2 20 watt fluorescent (VitaLite®, Aquarilux®) 12 hours

Filtration: Undergravel filter with powerhead on lift tube. Hagen 300® power filter with GAC, skimmer

Additives and dosages: Coral-Trace Elements® or Hawaiian Marine®

Water temperature: 76 – 80 F

Specific gravity: 1.022

pH: 8.3

Nitrate: 8 – 16 ppm

Fry development / changes: White at first . At ~6 mm shell is orange and/or mottled brown and white. Offspring seem to have a higher proportion of brown to orange coloration than parent(s)

Development description: Two tanks, similar development

Rearing tank size (liter): 75

Sides of tank covered? Yes, blue

Lighting & photo-period: 2 20 watt fluorescent (UltraLume®, Aquarilux®) 12 hours

Filtration: Undergravel filter, Hagen 200® powerfilter, skimmer

Additives and dosages: Coral-Trace Elements® or Hawaiian Marine®

Water temperature: 76 – 80F

Specific gravity: 1.022

pH: 8.3

Nitrate: 8 ppm

Comments: Turbo versicolor (Usticke, 1959) (non Gmelin 1791), T. muricatus, (Usticke, 1959)(non Linné), and T. crenulatus, (Gmelin 1791), are synonyms.

Word origin: Turbo castenea literally means “spinning chestnut” from the Latin words Turbin meaning top, spinning, whirling, and castane meaning chestnut. Thus the common name Chestnut Turban. This species is commonly sold in the marine aquarium trade with several other genus – species as “turbo grazers”

About this report: Information contained in this report is taken from submitted observations. Taxonomy, Synonomy, Original description , Word origin and Suggested reading are provided by member(s) of The Breeder’s Registry staff. Information is presented under the belief that it is accurate. If you have information in addition to, or contrary to that presented you are encouraged to contact the Breeder’s Registry. Permission is granted for “one-time” personal use. Reproduction as distributed or accessible media is prohibited without prior written permission. All rights reserved. 1992