The Breeder’s Registry© Information contained in this report is taken from submitted observations from aquarist unless noted otherwise (see comments). Information may be reproduced providing the Breeder’s Registry is cited.

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Breeder ID: CENLOR-100293-BROSTA-003

Date received: 10/2/93

Identification: Centropyge loriculus (Günther 1874)

Geographic origin: Indo-Pacific 

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Taxonomy: (after I.C.Z.N.)

Kingdom Animalia

Phylum Chordata Subphylum Vertebrata

Class Osteichthyes

Order Perciformes Superorder Teleostei

Family Pomacanthidae

Genus Centropyge

Species loriculus (Günther 1874)

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Duration male(yr): 1.0

Size male (mm): 102

Duration female 1 (yr): 1.0

Size female 1 (mm): 76

Duration female 2 (yr):1.0

Size female 2 (mm): 64

Broodstock notes: Broodstock belong to Steve Tyree (refer to report CENLOR01.htm)

Physical differences: Male is larger, females have expanded abdomens when ready to spawn

Adult diet: Spirulina flakes, Formula 1 & 2®, live Artemia nauplii, and tank foraging

Pre-spawning activity: not indicated

Time spawning began: PM twilight

Area spawning occurred: open area above mini-reef

Frequency of spawning: every other night

Egg description: hatched when received

Approximate quantity:~50

Size: hatched when received

Egg changes / development: transparent larvae form inside egg, short incubation period

Incubation period: n/a Time hatching occurred:

Size of hatching larvae:1 – 2 mm

Yolk sac present?: yes

Newly hatched appearance: Transparent, nearly “invisible” slivers with eye spots and yolks.

Transfer / removal method: Eggs were collected with a bowl and transferred in a 5 gallon poly bucket by car from the Los Angeles area to Sacramento (~ 6 hour trip). Larvae were then removed using a small beaker and placed into the rearing vessel.

Spawning tank size (liter): 670

Sides of tank covered? Yes

Lighting & photoperiod: 3 – 175 watt MH (13 hours). 2 – 140 watt actinic (13 hour) twilight (2 hour)

Filtration:Live rock, skimmer, trickle filter, mechanical / chemical

Additives and dosages:Liquid Gold®, Reef Plus®, Reef Calcium®, KSM®, VitaChem®, Kalkwasser and Super Iodine®

Water temperature (F): 79

Specific gravity: 1.022

pH: 8.3

Nitrate: < 0.25

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Fry development / changes: Black pigment on sides at day 4, extending on day 5 – 6. Swimming head “down” in water column until day 7 – 8. Rapid darting motions to feed.

First food offered: Greenwater with Acartia and/or Tisbe sp.

Second food offered: rotifers on day 2

Survival

1st week(%):50%

2nd week:15%

3rd week: 0%

Development description: Active until day 11, none remaining on day 12

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Rearing tank size (liter) 9.5

Sides of tank covered? Yes, black

Lighting & photoperiod: Fluorescent cool white 40 watt (13 hours) from side

Filtration: None, mild aeration (slow bubbling). 10% water changes daily

Additives and dosages: none

Water temperature (F): 75 – 79

Specific gravity: 1.021

pH: 8.26

Nitrate: <1 ppm

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Comments:Ammonia 0.786 ppm at highest level (measured with ion specific probe [Orion]). Feeding density possibly not great enough. Copepod culture methods inadequate. Larvae can be easily transported.

Word origin: Centr, -I, -o (Greek). The center; a point, spur. pygm, (Greek) dwarf. The common name “Pygmy” or Dwarf” angel is apparent from the word root pygm. Centro may be in reference to the spine (spur) at the angle (The center) of the preopercle. The genus loriculusappears to be a combination of lori, (Malayan), a parrot, and -cul, =a, =um, =us (Latin), little. The Lori is a brilliant red parrot and again a word root (-culus) indicates something small.

The common name is “Flame Angel” which is attributed to the brilliant red color.

About this report: Information contained in this report is taken from submitted observations. Taxonomy, Synonomy, Original description , Word origin and Suggested reading are provided by member(s) of The Breeder’s Registry staff. Information is presented under the belief that it is accurate. If you have information in addition to, or contrary to that presented you are encouraged to contact the Breeder’s Registry. Permission is granted for “one-time” personal use. Reproduction as distributed or accessible media is prohibited without prior written permission. All rights reserved. 1993